Wander through the streets, you will hear lingua portuguêsa spoken on every corner. Pop into the bar, where you can drink uma garrafa de Superbok. Walk down to a Portuguese café for a pastel de nata, and a bica. Later on, visit a restaurant and try the arroz de marisco.

No, it's not Lisbon, it's not the Algarve ... Bem vindo a Thetford Norfolk!

Estimates of the number of migrant workers in Norfolk vary widely, but it is believed there could be as many as 20,000 Portuguese speakers in the county, with large communities in Dereham, Thetford and Yarmouth.

Research on migrant workers, EDP24 Report, 16th Nov. 2004

Customers were barricaded in for two hours as bottles, stones and bricks were hurled at the Red Lion pub in Thetford, Norfolk.

BBC News Online Report 26th June 2004.

Outra região da Inglaterra que atrae muitos portugueses é o condado de Norfolk especialmente a cidade de Thetford. Estimativas do número de trabalhadores sazonais em Norfolk variam muito, mas acredita-se que poderia haver 20,000 portugueses no condado, com grandes comunidades em Dereham, Thetford e Yarmouth. Em Thetford houve um ataque famoso durante o Campeonato Europeu contra um pub que era frequentado por portugueses.

Found on a Portuguese web forum, 17th March 2005.

I realised how many were not speaking English. The place was full of Russians, Lithuanians, Poles and Portuguese — people who had travelled a long way to better themselves

Charan Gill, Secret Millionaire, The Sunday Times Scotland 26th November 2006.

Introduction

Think small town England. Picture a quiet and rural East Anglian market town, transformed by 1960s social planning into Thetford - a small island of working class London, set in a rural East Anglian sea. Forgotten by the social planners for thirty years, bypassed by migration from either the Caribbean or from Asia, this predominantly white English new-working class borough arrives into the 21st century equipped with cctv, burberry and burnt out cars. Now try and imagine that thousands of migrant workers from Portugal, Eastern Europe, and elsewhere suddenly descend on this small English town.

Thetford Café News The Thetford Café scene has been changing recently, and I will update this space once it settles again. However, in summary, there are presently three Portuguese cafés, and mini-markets open in the town, also a Polish mini-market, and a Lithuanian mini-market, representing the more recent influx of Eastern European migrants into the town. Carolinas Portuguese restaurant is still open, and the Red Lion is still functioning as an Anglo-Portuguese pub.

I am using this website to provide locals with information. There was no consultation process, no formal introductions. While urban areas of the UK have in the past experienced waves of immigration from Asia, East Africa, and the Carribean - the rural East is now experiencing immigration for the first time for centuries - a new immigration from Portugal and Eastern Europe. This is an economically driven migration that simply happened. It is not restricted to Thetford, or even to Norfolk. And the story has not ended, it's still continuing to produce new changes - it is local social history in the making.

Background

Thetford is a small town that lays in the south-west corner of the County of Norfolk. Before 1952, it was still a quiet little rural market-town, with a tiny population of only 4,500. The Town Development Act of 1952 allowed local authorities to approach London authorities, and to make a number of agreements. Parts of London were overcrowded, and the London authorities wanted to encourage people to move out of those areas, to newly developed areas outside of London. Thetford Borough Council formed a partnership with the London County Council. Large council house estates were built in the fields and heaths on the edge of town, and people moved out of London to fill them. Soon the newcomers from London outnumbered the original East Anglian population. Employers followed, and Thetford became a local centre of small-scale manufacturing industry. Not all of the indigenous inhabitants were happy about the arrival of the London families, but never-the-less, it lifted Thetford out of what had been a long state of stagnation. This expansion of the town, continued until about 1974.

By the 1990s, the population of Thetford stood at around 19,500. It was recognised that it was a unusual town for the area - a new-working-class town with levels of social and health problems not normally found in rural East Anglia. Many young people still kept a London identity - accents, football club loyalty, etc. East Anglians outside of Thetford considered it to be the place where the Londoners live. The population relied mainly on employment in manufacturing, and on the firms in the town, that had arrived with the expansion out of London. However, the 1980s and 1990s were sometimes difficult for these type of industries, and the town sometimes suffered from levels of unemployment.

During the late 1990s, something strange started to happen. A slow trickle of new faces started to arrive in the town. This new wave of newcomers - only slight at first, were not from London. They were from abroad. By 2004, the media was suggesting that there may be as many as 6,000 Portuguese-speakers in the Thetford area - there are Portuguese cafés, restaurants, delicatessens, a bar, even a hair-dresser in town! Is Thetford now becoming the place where the Portuguese live?